Car Seat Laws by State (2026)

Know the legal requirements in your state — and why the recommendations go further.

Important: Legal Minimums vs. Best Practice

State laws represent the legal minimum — not the safest practice. The AAP and NHTSA recommend keeping children rear-facing as long as possible (until they reach the seat's maximum limit), which exceeds the legal requirement in most states. Always follow the higher safety standard.

StateRear-FacingForward-FacingBoosterFine
AlabamaUntil age 1 or 20 lbsUntil age 5 or 40 lbsUntil age 6 or 4'9"$25
AlaskaUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$50
ArizonaUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$50
ArkansasUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 6 or 60 lbsUntil age 15$100
CaliforniaUntil age 2 or max weight/heightUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$100
TexasUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$25–$250
New YorkUntil age 2 or max weight/heightUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$25–$100
FloridaUntil age 1 minimumUntil age 5Until age 6$60
IllinoisUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$75
PennsylvaniaUntil age 2 or max weight/heightUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$75
OhioUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$75
WashingtonUntil age 2 or max weight/heightUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$124
GeorgiaUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$50
HawaiiUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$100
IdahoUntil age 1 or 20 lbsUntil age 7 or 4'9"Until 7 years or 4'9"$25
IndianaUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$25
MichiganUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$65
MinnesotaUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$50
North CarolinaUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$25
VirginiaUntil age 2 recommendedUntil age 8 or 4'9"Until 8 years or 4'9"$50

Federal Safety Standards

All car seats sold in the US must meet Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 213 (FMVSS 213), which sets minimum requirements for crash performance, flammability, and labeling.

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) also conducts voluntary ease-of-use ratings and publishes crash test data. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) conducts independent crash tests that often exceed federal requirements.